GASPRO International Journal of Eminent Scholars

                                                        ABSTRACT

This study presents a critical analysis of cold weather and its multifaceted impact on human health, particularly in temperate and polar regions. It explores physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors contributing to cold-induced illnesses. Key health risks such as hypothermia, respiratory distress, and cardiovascular strain are highlighted. The review examines how vulnerable populations—especially the elderly, homeless, and those with chronic illnesses—are disproportionately affected. Seasonal fluctuations in morbidity and mortality rates are analyzed using recent epidemiological data. Furthermore, the study investigates current control and preventive strategies, including public health advisories, housing interventions, and adaptive clothing technologies. It critically assesses gaps in preparedness and infrastructure in developing regions. The study concluded that public awareness campaigns must complement institutional efforts to reduce exposure risks. This study also recommended the provision of subsidized or free thermal clothing to help the homeless, refugees, and low-income families to get proper clothing. Proper clothing significantly reduces thermal stress and supports thermoregulation during cold exposure.

Keywords: Cold Weather, Human Health, Critical Analysis, Control and Preventive Strategies