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GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING: A TOOL FOR MORAL FORTIFICATION
ABSTRACT
Concerns about declining moral standards have become increasingly prominent in modern societies, as reflected in growing incidences of indiscipline, corruption, violence, substance abuse, and erosion of shared values. Institutions traditionally responsible for moral upbringing now face significant challenges due to rapid social transformation and globalization. This paper examines guidance and counselling as a purposeful and effective instrument for strengthening moral values and ethical conduct. Using a conceptual and analytical approach, the study draws from humanistic, cognitive-behavioural, and moral development theories to explain how counselling services enhance moral awareness, value internalization, character formation, and responsible decision-making. The paper discusses the nature of guidance and counselling, the concept and dimensions of morality, and the contribution of counselling interventions to moral fortification. The roles of counsellors, schools, families, religious institutions, and the wider society are examined, alongside challenges limiting effective moral counselling. The paper concludes that well-structured guidance and counselling programmes remain indispensable for moral regeneration and social stability.
KEYWORDS: Guidance, Counselling, Moral Development, Moral Fortification, Values Education.
EMEME, Nsikak C, Sylvia Aniekan UDOSEN AND Mary Efiong AFAHAEME
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