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Published Article
THE EFFECT OF GENDER AND AGE ON THE ADMINISTRATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN AKWA IBOM STATE/
ABSTRACT
This study examined the effect of gender and age on the administrative effectiveness of secondary
school principals in Akwa Ibom State. The population of this study comprised of all secondary
school principals, teachers and PTA members in Akwa Ibom State. There are 227 Principals and
7583 Teachers in Akwa Ibom state. The study adopted Expost-factor design while stratified
random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents. Data was obtained using a
research questionnaire titled “Correlates of Administrative Effectiveness of Secondary School
Principals Questionnaire (CAESSPQ) testâ€. Data obtained from respondents were analysed
using mean statistics like independent t-test analysis and one-way analysis of variance. It was
concluded that the administrative effectiveness of male and female principals in secondary
schools cannot be same as male principals can work under pressure and other interfering
factors. Also, young principals are more active than the older ones in the discharge of their
administrative functions. It was therefore recommended that Government should regularly
appreciate the long years of service and effort and skills put in by staff of secondary school by
way of promotion.
KeyWords: Administrative Effectiveness, Gender and age,
Dr Akpan, E. E, & Dr. Patrick M. Umoh
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